FComEx: Acetone (PC000508)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2015-10-09 22:31:02 UTC

Update date

2017-01-19 02:36:26 UTC

FoodComEx ID

PC000508

FoodDB Record

FDB008301

Chemical Information

Name

Acetone

Description

Acetone or 2-propanone, also known as dimethyl ketone, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ketones. These are organic compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms R2C=O (neither R may be a hydrogen atom). Ketones that have one or more alpha-hydrogen atoms undergo keto-enol tautomerization, the tautomer being an enol. Acetone is neutral molecule that is miscible in water. It readily dissolves in other organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol and diethyl ether. It occurs naturally in plants, trees, volcanic gases, forest fires, and is present in vehicle exhaust, alcoholic beverages, tobacco smoke, and landfill sites. Within the body small amounts of acetone are produced by the decarboxylation of ketone bodies (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate). Certain dietary patterns, including prolonged fasting and high-fat low-carbohydrate dieting, can produce ketosis, in which acetone is formed in body tissue. More specifically, acetone can be produced from the oxidation of ingested isopropanol, or from the spontaneous/enzymatic breakdown of acetoacetate (a ketone body) in ketotic individuals. In humans acetone can be metabolized either by CYP2E1 via methylglyoxal to D-lactate and pyruvate (PMID 4285478). In addition to its presence in humans, acetone is found in a variety of foods and plants. Acetone has been rated as a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) substance when present in beverages, baked foods, desserts, and preserves at concentrations ranging from 5 to 8 mg/L. It is used as a flavor enhancer for sweetners in pickling mixes. Acetone is widely used as an organic solvent and is the active ingredient in nail polish remover and as paint thinner. Acetone has been studied extensively and is believed to exhibit only slight toxicity in normal use. There is no strong evidence of chronic health effects if basic precautions are followed

CAS Number

67-64-1

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
(CH3)2CO	biospider
β-ketopropane	biospider
2-Propanone	ChEBI
2-Propanone, 9CI	db_source
Aceton	ChEBI
Acetone oil	biospider
Acetonum	biospider
Azeton	ChEBI
b-Ketopropane	Generator
beta-Ketopropane	ChEBI
Dimethyl ketone	db_source
Dimethylcetone	ChEBI
Dimethylformaldehyde	HMDB
Dimethylketon	ChEBI
Dimethylketone	ChEBI
FEMA 3326	db_source
Methyl ketone	ChEBI
Propanon	ChEBI
Propanone	ChEBI
Pyroacetic ether	ChEBI
Sasetone	biospider
β-ketopropane	Generator

Chemical Formula

C3H6O

IUPAC name

propan-2-one

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C3H6O/c1-3(2)4/h1-2H3

InChI Key

CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Isomeric SMILES

CC(C)=O

Average Molecular Weight

58.0791

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

58.041864814

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ketones. These are organic compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms R2C=O (neither R may be a hydrogen atom). Ketones that have one or more alpha-hydrogen atoms undergo keto-enol tautomerization, the tautomer being an enol.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbonyl compounds

Direct Parent

Ketones

Alternative Parents

Substituents