FComEx: D-Gluconic acid (PC000450)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2015-10-09 22:30:46 UTC

Update date

2017-01-19 02:36:24 UTC

FoodComEx ID

PC000450

FoodDB Record

FDB001980

Chemical Information

Name

D-Gluconic acid

Description

Gluconic acid, also known as dextronic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar acids and derivatives. Sugar acids and derivatives are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group. Gluconic acid is an extremely weak acid (based on its pKa). Gluconic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Gluconic acid is produced in particularly high abundance by certain fungi, such as Aspergillus niger (PMID: 24039465). Gluconic acid occurs naturally in fruit, honey, kombucha tea, and cow‚Äôs milk. Gluconic acid and its lactone have also been found in some table wines. The source of gluconic acid is most likely mold metabolism. Industrially, gluconate is used as a concrete admixture (retarder) to slow down the cement hydration reactions and to delay the cement setting time. It is also used in cleaning products where it helps cleaning up mineral deposits. In this regard, gluconic acid has been found to chelate the anions of calcium, iron, aluminium, copper, various rare earths and other heavy metals. The salts of gluconic acid are known as "gluconates". Gluconic acid is also used to maintain the cation-anion balance on electrolyte solutions and is present in certain electrolye solutions, such as "plasmalyte A", which is used for intravenous fluid resuscitation. Gluconate is also used in a variety of pharmaceutical applications. For instance, calcium gluconate is used to treat burns arising from hydrofluoric acid while quinine gluconate is a salt of gluconic acid and quinine, which is used for intramuscular injection in the treatment of malaria. In humans, altered levels of gluconic acid have been found in the metabolic disorder called the transaldolase deficiency.

CAS Number

526-95-4

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoate	Generator
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoic acid	ChEBI
2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexanoate	biospider
2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-hexanoic acid	biospider
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid	biospider
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoate	biospider
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanoic acid	biospider
D-gluco-Hexonate	Generator
D-gluco-hexonic acid	biospider
D-gluconate	biospider
D-gluconic acid	biospider
D-Gluconsaeure	ChEBI
D-Glukonsaeure	ChEBI
Dextronate	biospider
Dextronic acid	biospider
E574	manual
GCO	HMDB
Glosanto	HMDB
Gluconate	biospider
Gluconic acid	biospider
Gluconic acid, d-	biospider
Glycogenate	biospider
Glycogenic acid	biospider
Glyconate	biospider
Glyconic acid	biospider
Gulonic acid	biospider
Hexonate	Generator
Hexonic acid	ChEBI
Maltonate	Generator
Pentahydroxycaproate	HMDB
Pentahydroxycaproic acid	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C6H12O7

IUPAC name

(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C6H12O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13)/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m1/s1

InChI Key

RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N

Isomeric SMILES

OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O

Average Molecular Weight

196.1553

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

196.058302738

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar acids and derivatives. Sugar acids and derivatives are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Sugar acids and derivatives

Alternative Parents