Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2015-10-09 22:30:37 UTC
Update date2017-01-19 02:36:22 UTC
FoodComEx IDPC000420
FoodDB RecordFDB022176
Chemical Information
NameL-Homocystine
DescriptionHomocystine is the double-bonded form of homocysteine, but it occurs only transiently before being converted to the harmless cystathionine via a vitamin B6-dependent enzyme. Homocystine and homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulfide account for >98% of total homocysteine in plasma from healthy individuals. (PMID 11592966) Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is thought to be a major factor in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Elevated plasma homocysteine is an accepted risk factor for atherosclerosis, and may act through LDL oxidation, although this is controversial. However, the major thiol in plasma is cysteine, which is present at concentrations approximately 10 times greater than homocysteine; therefore homocystine in plasma is insignificant, and consequently homocystine is unlikely to influence LDL oxidation in vivo. (PMID 14732479) Increasing evidence supports a role for an elevation of homocysteine in schizophrenia. It has been demonstrated that neural tube defects are related to a genetic defect in homocysteine metabolism. Sufficient intake of folic acid is believed to reduce this risk by enhancing methylation of homocysteine and its conversion to methionine, thereby compensating for this genetic defect. Plasma homocysteine levels are elevated when folate levels are in the lower half of the normal range. (PMID 16143442 ) [HMDB]
CAS Number626-72-2
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
SynonymSource
[S-(R*,R*)]-4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-Butanoatehmdb
[S-(R*,R*)]-4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-Butanoic acidhmdb
4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-L-Butyratehmdb
4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-L-Butyric acidhmdb
4,4'-Dithiobis(2-aminobutyric acid)hmdb
L-Homocystinehmdb
Chemical FormulaC8H16N2O4S2
IUPAC name2-amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulfanyl}butanoic acid
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C8H16N2O4S2/c9-5(7(11)12)1-3-15-16-4-2-6(10)8(13)14/h5-6H,1-4,9-10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t5-,6?/m0/s1
InChI KeyZTVZLYBCZNMWCF-ZBHICJROSA-N
Isomeric SMILESNC(CCSSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Average Molecular Weight268.354
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight268.05514839
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentL-alpha-amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Thia fatty acid
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Amino acid
  • Organic disulfide
  • Dialkyldisulfide
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Sulfenyl compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
PropertyValueReference
Experimental logPNot Available
Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
Melting PointNot Available
Foods of Origin
FoodContent Range AverageReference
FoodReference
Production Data
Production Methodcommercial
Production Method ReferenceNot Available
Production Method Reference FileNot Available
Quantity AvailableProduction upon request, up to 10 mg
Delivery TimeNot Available
Storage Formsolid
Storage Conditions-80°C
StabilityNot Available
PurityNot Available
Spectra
Spectral Data Upon RequestNot Available
Provider Information
Contact NameContact InstitutionContact Email
Rosa Vazquez Fresnovazquezf@ualberta.ca
Commercial Vendors
MetaSci HMDB0000676
Sigma-Aldrich HMDB0000676
Toronto Research Chemicals H591360